The Program “It’s About Change” focuses on preventing recidivism in York and Harrisburg. This report details the organization’s impact, including the number of clients, their demographic characteristics, and services provided.

This report seeks to understand how tax deferments in York County relate to opportunity zones and how they are used for economic development.

Postindustrial cities experience unique struggles with fiscal health. This report looks at how areas in Pennsylvania’s Third Federal Reserve District have been impacted by deindustrialization and provides examples of how municipalities have responded.

This report looks at where nonprofit hospitals invest their money. Budget lines include community health improvements, building expenditures, and initiatives to bridge racial and economic service gaps. The researchers find that hospitals in high poverty or rural counties are less likely to spend on community building activities.

This research examines the use of community and economic development grants in metro areas, comparing which areas see greater rates of investment than others and for what purposes grants are allotted.

Rusk explains the impact of suburban sprawl and concentrated poverty on the quality of life of York County residents. He provides recommendations for solutions, including mixed-income housing, county resource-sharing, and urban revival.

The Federal Reserve Banks of Philadelphia and Atlanta analyze what regional characteristics lead large foundations to fund community and economic development activities.