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Rusk says that the “little box” structure of local government “impedes meaningful collaboration on key issues like anti-sprawl land use planning and zoning; ‘fair share’ affordable, mixed income housing; tax base and revenue sharing; economic development initiatives;” and other shared services.

Postindustrial cities experience unique struggles with fiscal health. This report looks at how areas in Pennsylvania’s Third Federal Reserve District have been impacted by deindustrialization and provides examples of how municipalities have responded.

This report describes the features, similarities, and challenges of 13 small Third Federal Reserve District cities. The author provides suggestions for how these cities can flourish in a post-industrial economy.

This report looks at where nonprofit hospitals invest their money. Budget lines include community health improvements, building expenditures, and initiatives to bridge racial and economic service gaps. The researchers find that hospitals in high poverty or rural counties are less likely to spend on community building activities.

This research examines the use of community and economic development grants in metro areas, comparing which areas see greater rates of investment than others and for what purposes grants are allotted.

The Federal Reserve Banks of Philadelphia and Atlanta analyze what regional characteristics lead large foundations to fund community and economic development activities.