This research looks at the economies of 11 metropolitan statistical areas in Pennsylvania and explores the extent to which they include opportunity occupations, or occupations characterized by above-average pay for workers without a bachelor’s degree.

This report describes the features, similarities, and challenges of 13 small Third Federal Reserve District cities. The author provides suggestions for how these cities can flourish in a post-industrial economy.

Those in the Third Federal Reserve District who cannot access the means to attain education or job training find it difficult to secure well-paying employment. This report identifies the main barriers to this kind of employment and opportunities to grow a local workforce.